However, the three general topics covered in the book can be separated in approximately. It is a custom among religious jewish communities for a weekly torah portion, popularly referred to as a parashah, to be read during jewish prayer services on saturdays, mondays and thursdays. Exodus is the second of five books comprising the pentateuch, the torah law, or the five books of moses. Commentary on the book of exodus by matthew henry old. In the hebrew bible the books name is taken from the first two hebrew words in verse 1, elleh these and shemoth names, which can be translated, these are the names. In the greek lxx the book is named exodos exodus emphasizing the departure of israel from egypt. Exodus, the liberation of the people of israel from slavery in egypt in the th century bce, under the leadership of moses. The pentateuch research papers examine the term used to describe the first five books of the old testament book of numbers details the time from the exodus of gods people from egypt when they wandered in the desert for a period of thirtyeight years books of the bible. Written by leading experts in the field, the book of exodus. Hebraic law, body of ancient hebrew law codes found in various places in the old.
Moses was one of the greatest heros in the bible and is still alive in heaven today. The book of exodus or, simply, exodus, from greek, exodos, meaning going out. Hebraic law codes are incorporated in the old testament. This is because exodus is part of the torah, which is known as the law of moses. The book of exodus details the jews enslavement in egypt, their harrowing journey with moses out of egypt, and the formation of the new laws established for them by their god. The top 10 weirdest old testament laws stephen c james. Thomas commentary guide has since been updated, but at that time, the best contemporary commentary one could recommend on the book of exodus was by brevard childs, and it could not be recommended unconditionally because it reflected childs critical. He wrote the book of exodus in about the year of 1450 b. Strongs exhaustive concordance of the bible, numbered to the hebrew, chaldee, and greek, and english, coded to. Rameses was a city, but the other landmarks of the exodus were not. Exodus has a bit of everything, from thrilling fire and brimstone stories to well admit it superboring legal text.
In a 1996 guide to the best commentaries, derek thomas wrote. Course objectives after completing this course the student will. It is referred to as shemot, which is the hebrew word for the first word names. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The book of exodus was originally conceived by artist sam fink as a gift to his family, now living in israel, a vast ocean away from his home in new york city. Composition, reception, and interpretation offers a wideranging treatment of the main aspects of exodus. Exodus is the harshest version, and deuteronomy, with its humanitarian view, ameliorates somewhat the fate of the israelite slave. The greek and english name originates with the septuagint translation of the 3rd century bce. So you couldnt eat horses, because even though they chewed the cud. Although the three hebrew slave laws may not represent exactly the same cases, the differences between them are indicative of different laws, from different times and places, reflecting different ideas of slavery. It takes the story of the israelites from their presence in and oppression by egypt up to the reception of the divine law that occupies the entire book of leviticus and much of numbers. The title exodus comes from the septuagint, which derived it from the primary event found in the book, the deliverance from slavery and exodus or departure of the.
Although god liberated the hebrews from slavery in egypt, slavery is not universally prohibited in the bible. Taskmasters inflicted the israelites with hard labor. Leviticus is the third book of the old testament or, as known by the hebrews, the pentateuch. This date emphasizes the literal interpretation of the biblical numbers in exodus 12. Exodus is a latin word derived from greek exodos, the name given to the book by those who translated it into greek.
Put it all together, and we get a taste of everything a new society needs to function. The jewish law that developed influenced roman law, english law, and our. Exodus 21 hebrew servants personal injuries exodus 22 protection of property social responsibility exodus 23 laws of justice and mercy sabbath laws the three annual festivals gods angel to prepare the way exodus 24 the covenant confirmed exodus 25 offerings for the tabernacle the ark the table the lampstand exodus 26 the tabernacle exodus 27. There is a famine of really good commentaries on exodus. But the general hebrew title is sefer shemot book of names, so called after the opening words of chapter 1. Study 35 terms humanities chapter 1 quiz flashcards. The second book of the pentateuch is called exodus, from the greek word for departure, because its central event was understood by the septuagints translators to be the departure of the israelites from egypt.
This use of the hebrew term torah law, for the first five books is. Remember the basic content and message of the book of exodus. Hebrew title of this book weelleh shemot originated from the ancient practice of naming a bible book after its first word or words. The first section contains studies of a more general nature, including the history of exodus in critical study, exodus in literary and historical study, as well as the. The first hebrew word of exodus, leviticus, numbers, and deuteronomy is a conjunction. The english name of the book derives from the septuagint greek use of exodus to designate the deliverance of the israelites from egyptian bondage and their safe passage through the sea of reeds traditionally mislocated as the red sea. The book continues the story of the ancestors of israel in egypt, now grown in number to a large landless population enslaved by the pharaoh. Slavery was permissible in certain situations, so long as slaves were regarded as full members of the community gen. Book of exodus overview insight for living ministries. Chapter 1 verse 114 the children of israel settled in the land of goshen, a broad valley stretching from the nile river to the line of the present suez canal.
Its hebrew title, shemoth names, is from the book s opening phrase, these are the names. Hebraic law, body of ancient hebrew law codes found in various places in the old testament and similar to earlier law codes of ancient middle eastern monarchssuch as the code of hammurabi, an 18th17thcenturybc babylonian king, and the code of lipitishtar, a 20thcenturybc king of the mesopotamian city of eshnunna. Its twentyfour essays fall under four main sections. Information and translations of book of exodus in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.
The hebrews and the foundation of western law constitutional. Yet even though the number of laws in the torah can be debated, early rabbis. The name exodus comes from the greek septuagint and means departure or going out, because of the departure of the nation of israel from egypt. Exodus 1, english standard version 2016 esv the bible app. Rameses was the starting point of the subsequent exodus. Book of exodus, session 1 introduction the book of exodus is the second book of the torah or pentateuch, the first five books of the old testament. Chapters 118 narrate the history of the egyptian bondage, the exodus from egypt, and the journey to mount sinai under the leadership of moses. Different scholars place the divisions between sections of the book of exodus in slightly different places. It is a conjunction, such as our and, and is used to connect the narrative to the previous book. Now these are the names of is the translation of the first two hebrew words. Moses by faith led the people of god by following the cloud by day and the fire by night for the nearly the next forty years while god led them to the promised land in israel.
Parashat hashavua, is popularly abbreviated to parashah also parshah p r. The law of moses also called the mosaic law, primarily refers to the torah or the first five. Book of exodus article about book of exodus by the free. Then youll be able to tell ridley scott whats what, and youll finally have something worthwhile to say in all those christian bale fan letters you keep writing. Agricultural products and implements of war such as horses and chariots could be stored there. The book of exodus is the second book of the torah. The book of exodus is the second book of the bible and describes the exodus, which includes the israelites deliverance from slavery in egypt through the hand of yahweh, the revelations at biblical mount sinai, and the subsequent divine indwelling of god with israel exodus is traditionally ascribed to moses, but modern scholars see its initial composition as a product of the babylonian.
The name was retained by the latin vulgate, by the jewish author philo a contemporary of christ and by the syriac version. The hebrew word translated treasure is rendered store or storehouses every time except here. The book of exodus from slavery to sinai syllabus course description this course is an expositional study of the book of exodus. The first six verses of exodus tie it effectively to genesis. Because of the guidelines of the law, the lot of hebrew slaves was greatly softened. When we think of jewish law, most of us conjure up the image of rambams mishneh torah or r.
Exodus means going out or the way out, and thus it. Exodus, book of the 1901 jewish encyclopedia bible. Book of exodus, session 1 introduction yale divinity school. The name of the book exodus is derived from the greek exodos which is paralleled by an old hebrew ascription sefer yetziat mitzrayim the book of the departure from egypt. Matthew henry 18 october 1662 22 june 1714 was an english commentator on the bible, who published his works in 1706, sixvolume exposition of the old and new testaments 17081710 or complete commentary, provides an exhaustive verse by verse study of the bible, covering the whole of. Exodus is the second of the five books written by moses. It contains the stories of enslavement and liberation, of revelation and wanderings, of belief and apostasy.